to receive a reminder

1. (auffordern) urge, exhort; warnend: admonish; jemanden zur Vorsicht / zum Aufbruch etc. mahnen urge s.o. to be careful / to leave etc.

2. (erinnern) remind (an +Akk of) (auch Schuldner etc.); jemanden schriftlich mahnen send s.o. a (written) reminder

II v/i: zur Vorsicht / Geduld etc. mahnen urge caution / patience etc.; zum Aufbruch mahnen insist that it’s time to leave

* * *

to dun; to remind; to admonish

* * *

1. vt

1) (= erinnern) to remind (

2)

2. vi

1) (wegen Schulden etc) to send a reminder

2)

* * *

I. vt

1. (nachdrücklich erinnern)

▪ jdn [an etw akk [o wegen einer S. gen]] \mahnen to warn sb [of sth], to admonish sb form

sie hat uns wegen der Gefahren gemahnt she warned us of the dangers

2. (an eine Rechnung erinnern)

▪ jdn \mahnen to remind sb

3. (dringend auffordern)

▪ jdn zu etw dat \mahnen to urge sb to be/do sth

jdn zur Geduld/Eile/Vorsicht \mahnen to urge sb to be patient/to hurry/to be careful

die Dunkelheit mahnte die Wanderer zur Eile (fig) the darkness urged them to hurry up

▪ jdn \mahnen, etw zu tun to urge sb to do sth

II. vi (geh)

1. (gemahnen, erinnern)

▪ an etw akk \mahnen to be a reminder of sth

2. (veranlassen) to cause

der Wetterumschwung mahnte zur Eile a change in the weather made us/him/her, etc. hurry

▪ zu etw dat \mahnen to urge sb to do sth

* * *

1) urge

2) (erinnern) remind (an + Akk. of)

* * *

A. v/t

1. (auffordern) urge, exhort; warnend: admonish;

jemanden zur Vorsicht/zum Aufbruch etc

mahnen urge sb to be careful/to leave etc

2. (erinnern) remind (

an +akk of) (auch Schuldner etc);

jemanden schriftlich mahnen send sb a (written) reminder

B. v/i:

zur Vorsicht/Geduld etc

mahnen urge caution/patience etc;

zum Aufbruch mahnen insist that it’s time to leave

* * *

1) urge

2) (erinnern) remind (an + Akk. of)

* * *

to dun v.

to remind v.

напомин|ание - с.
1. (действие) mention;
при одном ~ании о... at the mere mention of...;

2. (извещение) reminder;
~ о встрече reminder of an appointment;
~ о заседании reminder of a meeting;
~ о совещании reminder of a conference;
направить ~ forward/send* a reminder;
получать ~ receive a reminder;
~ать, напомнить
3. (дт. вн., о пр.) remind (smb. of, about) ;
не забудь напомнить мне об этом don`t forget to remind me about it;
письмо напомнило прошлое the letter brought back the past;

4. тк. несов. (вн.;
быть похожим) look like( smb., smth.) ;
resemble( smb., smth.) ;
он ~ает мне моего брата he reminds me of my brother.

rappel [ʀapεl]

   a. [d'événement] reminder ; [de référence] quote ; ( = deuxième avis) reminder ; ( = somme due) back pay uncount ; ( = vaccination) booster

• toucher un rappel (de salaire) to get some back pay

• rappel des titres de l'actualité summary of the day's headlines

• rappel à l'ordre call to order

   b. [d'ambassadeur] recalling

• il y a eu trois rappels (Theatre) there were three curtain calls ; (à un concert) they (or he etc) came back for three encores

   c. (Mountaineering) descendre en rappel to abseil

* * *

nom masculin

1) ( remise en mémoire) reminder (de of; à to)

2) ( avis de facturation)

3) ( salaire différé) back pay

4) ( appel à revenir) ( d'ambassadeur) recall; ( de réservistes) call-up; ( d'acteurs) curtain call

5) Médecine ( de vaccination) booster

* * *

1) (pour empêcher d'oublier) reminder

2) [limitation de vitesse] (sur écriteau) speed limit sign (reminder)

3) [ambassadeur] recall

4) MILITAIRE recall

5) THÉÂTRE curtain call

6) MÉDECINE (= vaccination) booster

7) ADMINISTRATION, [salaire] back pay no pl

8) TECHNIQUE return

9) NAVIGATION sitting out

10) ALPINISME (rappel de corde) abseiling no pl roping down no pl (= opération) abseil

* * *

rappel nm

1 ( remise en mémoire) reminder (de of; à to); rappel utile/douloureux du passé useful/grim reminder of the past; rappel historique historical reminder;

2 ( avis de facturation) reminder; lettre de rappel reminder; recevoir/envoyer un rappel to receive/to send a reminder; ‘dernier rappel’ ‘final reminder’; rappel d'impôts tax reminder;

3 ( salaire différé) back pay; ( impôt restitué) rappel (d'impôt) tax refund; recevoir deux mois de rappel to get two months' back pay;

4 ( appel à revenir) ( d'ambassadeur) recall; ( de réservistes) call-up; ( d'acteurs) Théât curtain call; recevoir son rappel or sa feuille de rappel [soldat] to get one's call-up papers; avoir trois rappels [acteur] to take three curtain calls; rappel à l'ordre/à la décence/au devoir call to order/to decency/to duty; battre or sonner le rappel lit, fig to call to arms;

5 Méd ( de vaccination) booster;

6 Art (repétition de couleur, motif) repeat;

7 Sport ( en alpinisme) abseiling ¢, rappel spéc; descendre en rappel to abseil, to rappel spéc;

8 Naut righting ¢; se mettre au rappel, faire du rappel to sit out.

[rapɛl] nom masculin

1. [remise en mémoire] reminder

a. [généralement] call to order

b. POLITIQUE ≃ naming (UK)

2. [d'un ambassadeur] recalling

[de produits défectueux] recalling

[de réservistes]

3. THÉÂTRE curtain call

4. [répétition - dans un tableau, une toilette]

5. MÉDECINE booster

6. [arriéré]

7. TÉLÉCOMMUNICATIONS

8. MÉCANIQUE [retour] return

9. SPORT [en voile]

[en alpinisme] abseiling

- promptly

1) (to persuade to do something: What prompted you to say that?) mover, incitar, provocar

2) (to remind (especially an actor) of the words that he is to say: Several actors forgot their words and had to be prompted.) apuntar

•

- prompter

prompt adj rápido

tr[prɒmpt]

adjective

1 (quick) pronto,-a, rápido,-a; (punctual) puntual

adverb

1 en punto

transitive verb

1 (cause, incite) instar, incitar, mover; (cause, lead to) provocar, dar lugar a

■ what prompted you to say that? ¿qué te instó a decir eso?

■ the scandal prompted calls for his resignation el escándalo provocó llamadas pidiendo su dimisión

2 SMALLTHEATRE/SMALL apuntar

noun

1 SMALLTHEATRE/SMALL (line) apunte nombre masculino

prompt ['prɑmpt] vt

1) induce: provocar (una cosa), inducir (a una persona)

curiosity prompted me to ask you: la curiosidad me indujo a preguntarle

2) : apuntar (a un actor, etc.)

prompt adj

: pronto, rápido

prompt payment: pago puntual

• activo, -a adj.

• diligente adj.

• ejecutivo, -a adj.

• listo, -a adj.

• presto, -a adj.

• pronto, -a adj.

• puntual adj.

• resoluto, -a adj.

• puntualmente adv.

• apuntador s.m.

• plazo s.m.

• sugerencia s.f.

• apremiar v.

• azorar v.

• incitar v.

• inspirar v.

• mover v.

• sugerir v.

1) \<\<response/outcry\>\> provocar*, dar* lugar a

2) \<\<actor/orator\>\>

adjective -er, -est <delivery/reply> rápido, pronto

adverb (BrE)

a) ( reminder) apunte m

b) ( prompter) (colloq) apuntador, -dora m,f

c) ( Comput) presto m, mensaje m al operador

1. ADJ

1) (=speedy) [delivery, reply, service] rápido

2) (=punctual) puntual

ADV [start, arrive] puntualmente

3. VT

1) (=motivate) empujar

2) (=give rise to) [+ thought, question] dar lugar a; [+ reply, reaction, speculation] provocar, dar lugar a

3) (=help with speech) apuntar

4) (Theat) apuntar

VI (Theat) apuntar

5. N

1) (=suggestion, reminder) apunte m, palabra f clave (que ayuda a recordar)

2) (Theat) (=person) apuntador(a) m / f

3) (Comput) aviso m

* * *

1) \<\<response/outcry\>\> provocar*, dar* lugar a

2) \<\<actor/orator\>\>

adjective -er, -est <delivery/reply> rápido, pronto

adverb (BrE)

a) ( reminder) apunte m

b) ( prompter) (colloq) apuntador, -dora m,f

c) ( Comput) presto m, mensaje m al operador

paid.

1 payment.

en pago de o a as a reward for; (en recompensa por) in return for (a cambio de)

pago anticipado o por adelantado advance payment

pago al contado single payment; (en un plazo) cash payment (en metálico)

pago a plazos payment by installments

pago en efectivo cash payment

pago inicial down payment

pago en metálico cash payment

2 pay, salary.

3 repayment, reward, recompense.

4 satisfaction, liquidation.

past participle of spanish verb: pagar.

1^st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: pagar.

* * *

► nombre masculino

1 area

\

por estos pagos around here

► nombre masculino

1 payment

2 (recompensa) reward

\

en pago por in return for

pago a cuenta payment on account

pago por adelantado advance payment

* * *

* * *

1. SM

1) (Econ) payment

2) (=recompensa) return, reward

ADJ paid

SM (=zona) district; (=finca) estate ( esp planted with vines or olives); Cono Sur region, area; (=tierra natal) home turf

* * *

- ga adjetivo [ESTAR]

a) < cuenta> paid; <pedido/mercancías> paid for

b) (RPl) < empleado> paid

1)

a) (Com, Fin) payment

b) ( recompensa) reward

- pago contra entrega

2) (fam) (lugar, región) tb pagos

* * *

= payment, repayment, allowance, settlement.

Ex. When paying fines in this manner, it is not possible to specify the order of payment of the fines.

Ex. Repayments is normally by equal half-yearly payments of capital and interest after a moratorium on capital repayments of up to five years, depending on project completion date.

Ex. These payments cover the following: tide-over allowances for workers, including redundancy payments, resettlement allowances, and vocational training for those having to change their employment.

Ex. According to the market regulator, the traders would be required to mandatorily honour the obligation of delivering the shares at the time of settlement.

----

* balanza de pagos = balance, balance of payments.

* barra de pago = cash bar, no-host bar.

* base de datos de pago = subscription database.

* con pagos pendientes = be in arrears.

* déficit de la balanza de pagos = trade deficit.

* de pago = commercially available, paid-for, fee-based, for-fee.

* de pago o gratis = fee or free, fee versus free.

* de pago según el uso = on a pay a you use basis, on a pay as you go basis.

* devolver un pago = refund + payment.

* dirección de pago = payment address.

* escuela de pago = public school.

* estar atrasado en el pago = be in arrears.

* forma de pago = form of payment.

* gateway de pago = payment gateway.

* hacer un pago = make + payment.

* hacer un pago a nombre de = make + payment payable to.

* nota de pago = promissory note.

* orden permanente de pago = standing account.

* pago al contado = cash, cash payment, payment in cash.

* pago anticipado = prepayment [pre-payment], advance payment.

* pago de deuda = debt repayment.

* pago de la deuda exterior = debt repayment.

* pago de la hipoteca = mortgage payment.

* pago de los intereses = interest payment.

* pago domiciliado = direct debit, standing order, direct billing.

* pago en caja = cashiering.

* pago en efectivo = cash payment, payment in cash.

* pago en especie = payment in kind.

* pago en metálico = cash payment, payment in cash.

* pago mediante tarjeta = card payment.

* pago por adelantado = prepayment [pre-payment], advance payment.

* pago por debajo de lo debido = underpayment.

* pago por visión = pay-per-view.

* pago según el uso = pay-per-view, pay-for-use.

* pago único = one-time purchase, lump sum.

* pago único y bien grande = fat lump sum.

* pasarela de pago = payment gateway.

* recibir pago = receive + payment.

* relacionado con el pago de cuotas = fee-related.

* servicio bibliotecario mediante pago = fee-based library service.

* * *

- ga adjetivo [ESTAR]

a) < cuenta> paid; <pedido/mercancías> paid for

b) (RPl) < empleado> paid

1)

a) (Com, Fin) payment

b) ( recompensa) reward

- pago contra entrega

2) (fam) (lugar, región) tb pagos

* * *

* * *

1 ‹cuenta› paid; ‹pedido/mercancías› paid for

2 ( RPl) ‹empleado› paid

1 ( Com, Fin) payment

pago adelantado or anticipado payment in advance

pago inicial down payment, first o initial payment

pago al contado/a plazos payment in cash/by installments

el pago fraccionado de impuestos payment of taxes by installments

pago a cuenta payment on account

nos atrasamos en el pago del alquiler we got behind with o we got into arrears with the rent

colegio, televisión

2 (recompensa, premio) reward

en pago a or de sus servicios extraordinarios as a reward for his outstanding services

( Chi) direct billing ( AmE), direct debit ( BrE)

cash on delivery, COD

pay-per-view

B ( fam) (lugar, región) tb pagos

¿qué haces tú por estos pagos? what are you doing in this neck of the woods o in these parts o around here? ( colloq)

quiso ir a morir a su(s) pago(s) (CS); he wanted to go back home to die

* * *

1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

a) ( abonar) ‹cuenta/alquiler› to pay;

◊ ¿cuánto pagas de alquiler? how much rent do you pay?;

b) ‹favor/desvelos› to repay

c) ( expiar) ‹delito/atrevimiento› to pay for;

◊ ¡me las vas a pago! you'll pay for this!

◊ pagole a algn to pay sb

a) (Com, Fin) payment;

◊ pago inicial down payment;

b) ( recompensa) reward;

◊ en pago a algo as a reward for sth

* * *

♦ adj

♦ nm

1. [de dinero] payment;

día de pago payday;

en pago de o [m5]a [en recompensa por] as a reward for;

tener pagos atrasados to be in arrears

pago anticipado advance payment;

pago al contado cash payment;

pago a cuenta payment on account;

pago domiciliado direct debit;

pago en efectivo cash payment;

pago a la entrega cash on delivery;

pago escalonado progress payment;

pago en especie payment in kind;

pago fraccionado payment by instalments;

pago inicial down payment;

pago en metálico cash payment;

pago a plazos payment by instalments;

pago contra reembolso cash on delivery;

pago por visión pay-per-view

2. [lugar]

¿qué hacías tú por aquellos pagos? what were you doing around there o in those parts?

* * *

1 COM payment;

en pago de in payment for o of

2 Rpl ( quinta) piece of land;

por estos pagos fam in this neck of the woods fam

* * *

pago nm

1) : payment

en pago de : in return for

* * *

pago n payment

welcome [ˈwelkəm]

1. adjective

   a. ( = gladly accepted) to be welcome [person] être le bienvenu (or la bienvenue)

• he's not welcome here any more sa présence ici est devenue indésirable

• they really make you feel welcome on y est vraiment bien accueilli

• to put out the welcome mat for sb (inf) se donner du mal pour recevoir qn

• you're welcome! (answer to thanks) je vous en prie ! de rien !

• you're welcome to try (giving permission) vous pouvez essayer

• you're welcome to use my car vous pouvez emprunter ma voiture si vous voulez

• I don't use it any more, so you're welcome to it je ne m'en sers plus, alors profitez-en

   b. ( = appreciated) [food, drink, change, visitor] bienvenu ; [decision, reminder, interruption] opportun

• it was welcome news quelle bonne nouvelle !

• it was a welcome relief ça m'a (or l'a etc) vraiment soulagé

2. exclamation

• welcome! bienvenue !

• welcome back! content de vous (or te) revoir !

• welcome to our house! bienvenue chez nous !

• "welcome to England" (on notice) « bienvenue en Angleterre »

3. noun

• to give sb a warm welcome faire un accueil chaleureux à qn

4. transitive verb

[+ person, delegation, group of people] ( = greet, receive) accueillir ; ( = greet warmly) accueillir chaleureusement ; ( = bid welcome) souhaiter la bienvenue à ; [+ sb's return, news, suggestion, change] se réjouir de

• please welcome Tony Brennan! (TV) veuillez accueillir Tony Brennan !

• we would welcome your views on... nous serions heureux de connaître votre point de vue sur...

* * *

noun accueil m

noun modifier [ speech] de bienvenue

1) ( gratefully received) bienvenu

2) ( warmly greeted)

3) ( warmly invited)

exclamation ( to respected guest) soyez le bienvenu/la bienvenue m/f chez nous!; ( greeting friend) entre donc!

transitive verb accueillir [person]; se réjouir de [news, decision, change]; être heureux/-euse de recevoir [contribution]; accueillir favorablement [initiative, move]

- welcome back

- welcome in

••

•

- accompanying letter

- allocation letter

- allotment letter

- bank letter

- base rate change letter

- business letter

- call letter

- cash letter

- circular letter

- cold comfort letter

- collection letter

- comfort letter

- commercial letter

- confidentiality letter

- confirmation letter

- cover letter

- covering letter

- determination letter

- dun letter

- dunning letter

- encashment letter

- follow-up letter

- guarantee letter

- inquiry letter

- insured letter

- loan commitment letter

- mandate letter

- official letter

- operational letter

- order letter

- outgoing letter

- registered letter

- rights letter

- solicitor's letter

- letter of advice

- letter of allotment

- letter of attorney

- letter of collection

- letter of commitment

- letter of credit

- letter of deposit

- letter of engagement

- letter of guarantee

- letter of hypothecation

- letter of indemnity

- letter of instruction

- letter of intent

- letter of introduction

- letter of lien

- letter of notification

- letter of reference

- letter of reminder

- letter of representation

- letter of transmittal

- letter of trust

- letter of undertaking

- acknowledge receipt of a letter

- address a letter

- deliver a letter

- deliver a letter at the address

- dispatch a letter

- exchange letters

- forward a letter

- receive a letter

- send a letter

- violate the letter of law

ἁμαρτία, ίας, ἡ (w. mngs. ranging fr. involuntary mistake/ error to serious offenses against a deity: Aeschyl., Antiphon, Democr.+; ins fr. Cyzicus JHS 27, 1907, p. 63 [III B.C.] ἁμαρτίαν μετανόει; PLips 119 recto, 3; POxy 1119, 11; LXX; En, TestSol, TestAbr, TestJob, Test12Patr; JosAs 12:14; ParJer, ApcEsdr, ApcSed, ApcMos; EpArist 192; Philo; Jos., Ant. 13, 69 al.; Ar. [Milne 76, 42]; Just., A I, 61, 6; 10; 66, 1, D. 13, 1 al.; Tat. 14, 1f; 20, 1; Mel., P. 50, 359; 55, 400; s. ClR 24, 1910, 88; 234; 25, 1911, 195–97).

① a departure fr. either human or divine standards of uprightness

ⓐ sin (w. context ordinarily suggesting the level of heinousness), the action itself (ἁμάρτησις s. prec.), as well as its result (ἁμάρτημα), πᾶσα ἀδικία ἁ. ἐστίν 1J 5:17 (cp. Eur., Or. 649; Gen 50:17). ἁ. w. ἀνομήματα Hv 1, 3, 1; descr. as ἀνομία (cp. Ps 58:3; TestJob 43:17) 1J 3:4; but one who loves is far from sin Pol 3:3, cp. Js 5:20; 1 Pt 4:8, 1 Cl 49:5; Agr 13. ἀναπληρῶσαι τὰς ἁ. fill up the measure of sins (Gen 15:16) 1 Th 2:16. κοινωνεῖν ἁ. ἀλλοτρίαις 1 Ti 5:22. ποιεῖν ἁ. commit a sin (Tob 12:10; 14:7S; Dt 9:21) 2 Cor 11:7; 1 Pt 2:22; Js 5:15; 1J 3:4, 8. For this ἁμαρτάνειν ἁ. (Ex 32:30; La 1:8) 1J 5:16; ἐργάζεσθαι ἁ. Js 2:9; Hm 4, 1, 2 (LXX oft. ἐργάζ. ἀδικίαν or ἀνομίαν). μεγάλην ἁ. ἐργάζεσθαι commit a great sin m 4, 1, 1; 8:2. Pl. (cp. Pla., Ep. 7, 335a τὰ μεγάλα ἁμαρτήματα κ. ἀδικήματα) Hs 7:2. ἐπιφέρειν ἁ. τινί Hv 1, 2, 4. ἑαυτῷ ἁ. ἐπιφέρειν bring sin upon oneself m 11:4; for this ἁ. ἐπισπᾶσθαί τινι m 4, 1, 8 (cp. Is 5:18). προστιθέναι ταῖς ἁ. add to one’s sins (cp. προσέθηκεν ἁμαρτίας ἐφʼ ἁμαρτίας PsSol 3:10) Hv 5:7; m 4, 3, 7; Hs 6, 2, 3; 8, 11, 3; φέρειν ἁ. 1 Cl 16:4 (Is 53:4). ἀναφέρειν vs. 14 (Is 53:12). γέμειν ἁμαρτιῶν B 11:11. εἶναι ἐν ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις 1 Cor 15:17 (cp. Alex. Aphr., Eth. Probl. 9 II 2 p. 129, 13 ἐν ἁμαρτήμασιν εἶναι).—Sin viewed from the perspective of God’s or Christ’s response: ἀφιέναι τὰς ἁ. let go = forgive sins (Lev 4:20 al.) Mt 9:2, 5f; Mk 2:5, 7, 9f; Lk 5:20ff; Hv 2, 2, 4; 1 Cl 50:5; 53:5 (Ex 32:32) al. (ἀφίημι 2); hence ἄφεσις (τῶν) ἁμαρτιῶν (Iren. 1, 21, 2 [Harv. I 182, 4]) forgiveness of sins Mt 26:28; Mk 1:4; Lk 1:77; 3:3; 24:47; Ac 2:38; 5:31; 10:43; 13:38; Hm 4, 3, 2; B 5:1; 6:11; 8:3; 11:1; 16:8. διδόναι ἄφεσιν ἁ. AcPl Ha 2, 30; λαβεῖν ἄφεσιν ἁ. receive forgiveness of sins Ac 26:18 (Just., D. 54 al); καθαρίζειν τὰς ἁ. cleanse the sins (thought of as a stain) Hs 5, 6, 3; καθαρίζειν ἀπὸ ἁ. 1 Cl 18:3 (Ps 50:4; cp. Sir 23:10; PsSol 10:1); also καθαρισμὸν ποιεῖσθαι τῶν ἁ. Hb 1:3; ἀπολούεσθαι τὰς ἁ. Ac 22:16 ([w. βαπτίζειν] Just., D. 13, 1 al.). λύτρον ἁ. ransom for sins B 19:10.—αἴρειν J 1:29; περιελεῖν ἁ. Hb 10:11; ἀφαιρεῖν (Ex 34:9; Is 27; 9) vs. 4; Hs 9, 28, 3; ῥυσθῆναι ἀπὸ ἁ. 1 Cl 60:3; ἀπὸ τῶν ἁ. ἀποσπασθῆναι AcPlCor 2:9. Sin as a burden αἱ ἁ. κατεβάρησαν Hs 9, 28, 6; as a disease ἰᾶσθαι Hs 9, 28, 5 (cp. Dt 30:3); s. also the verbs in question.—Looked upon as an entry in a ledger; hence ἐξαλείφεται ἡ ἁ. wiped away, cancelled (Ps 108:14; Jer 18:23; Is 43:25) Ac 3:19.—Opp. στῆσαι τὴν ἁ. 7:60; λογίζεσθαι ἁ. take account of sin (as a debt; cp. the commercial metaphor Ro 4:6 and s. FDanker, Gingrich Festschr. 104, n. 2) Ro 4:8 (Ps 31:2); 1 Cl 60:2 (Just., D. 141, 3). Pass. ἁ. οὐκ ἐλλογεῖται is not entered in the account Ro 5:13 (GFriedrich, TLZ 77, ’52, 523–28). Of sinners ὀφειλέτης ἁ. Pol 6:1 (cp. SIG 1042, 14–16 [II A.D.] ὸ̔ς ἂν δὲ πολυπραγμονήσῃ τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ ἢ περιεργάσηται, ἁμαρτίαν ὀφιλέτω Μηνὶ Τυράννωι, ἣν οὐ μὴ δύνηται ἐξειλάσασθαι).—γινώσκειν ἁ. (cp. Num 32:23) Ro 7:7; Hm 4, 1, 5. ἐπίγνωσις ἁμαρτίας Ro 3:20; ὁμολογεῖν τὰς ἁ. 1J 1:9; ἐξομολογεῖσθε ἐπὶ ταῖς ἁ. B 19:12; ἐξομολογεῖσθαι τὰς ἁ. Mt 3:6; Mk 1:5; Hv 3, 1, 5f; Hs 9, 23, 4; ἐξομολογεῖσθε ἀλλήλοις τὰς ἁ. confess your sins to each other Js 5:16.—ἐλέγχειν τινὰ περὶ ἁ. convict someone of sin J 8:46; cp. ἵνα σου τὰς ἁ. ἐλέγξω πρὸς τὸν κύριον that I might reveal your sins before the Lord Hv 1, 1, 5.—σεσωρευμένος ἁμαρτίαις loaded down w. sins 2 Ti 3:6; cp. ἐπισωρεύειν ταῖς ἁ. B 4:6; ἔνοχος τῆς ἁ. involved in the sin Hm 2:2; 4, 1, 5. μέτοχος τῆς ἁ. m 4, 1, 9.—In Hb sin is atoned for (ἱλάσκεσθαι τὰς ἁ. 2:17) by sacrifices θυσίαι ὑπὲρ ἁ. 5:1 (cp. 1 Cl 41:2). προσφορὰ περὶ ἁ. sin-offering 10:18; also simply περὶ ἁ. (Lev 5:11; 7:37) vss. 6, 8 (both Ps 39:7; cp. 1 Pt 3:18); προσφέρειν περὶ ἁ. bring a sin-offering Hb 5:3; cp. 10:12; 13:11. Christ has made the perfect sacrifice for sin 9:23ff; συνείδησις ἁ. consciousness of sin 10:2; ἀνάμνησις ἁ. a reminder of sins of the feast of atonement vs. 3.

ⓑ special sins (ἁ. τῆς ἀποστασίας Iren. 5, 26, 2 [Harv. II 397, 4]): πρὸς θάνατον that leads to death 1J 5:16b (ἁμαρτάνω e); opp. οὐ πρὸς θάνατον vs. 17. μεγάλη ἁ. a great sin Hv 1, 1, 8 al. (Gen 20:9; Ex 32:30 al.; cp. Schol. on Pla., Tht. 189d ἁμαρτήματα μεγάλα). μείζων ἁ. m 11:4; ἥττων 1 Cl 47:4. μεγάλη κ. ἀνίατος Hm 5, 2, 4; τέλειαι ἁ. Hv 1, 2, 1; B 8:1, cp. τὸ τέλειον τῶν ἁ. 5:11 (Philo, Mos. 1, 96 κατὰ τῶν τέλεια ἡμαρτηκότων); ἡ προτέρα ἁ. (Arrian, Anab. 7, 23, 8 εἴ τι πρότερον ἡμάρτηκας) sin committed before baptism Hm 4, 1, 11; 4, 3, 3; Hs 8, 11, 3; cp. v 2, 1, 2.

② a state of being sinful, sinfulness, a prominent feature in Johannine thought, and opposed to ἀλήθεια; hence ἁ. ἔχειν J 9:41; 15:24; 1J 1:8. μείζονα ἁ. ἔχειν J 19:11; ἁ. μένει 9:41. γεννᾶσθαι ἐν ἁμαρτίαις be born in sin 9:34 (ἐν ἁμαρτίᾳ v.l).; opp. ἐν ἁ. ἀποθανεῖν die in sin 8:21, 24; AcPl Ha 1, 16. ἁ. ἐν αὐτῷ οὐκ ἔστιν 1J 3:5.

③ a destructive evil power, sin

ⓐ Paul thinks of sin almost in pers. terms (cp. Sir 27:10; Mel., P. 50, 359; PGM 4, 1448 w. other divinities of the nether world, also Ἁμαρτίαι χθόνιαι; Dibelius, Geisterwelt 119ff) as a ruling power that invades the world. Sin came into the world Ro 5:12 (JFreundorfer, Erbsünde u. Erbtod b. Ap. Pls 1927; ELohmeyer, ZNW 29, 1930, 1–59; JSchnitzer, D. Erbsünde im Lichte d. Religionsgesch. ’31; ROtto, Sünde u. Urschuld ’32; FDanker, Ro 5:12: Sin under Law: NTS 14, ’67/68, 424–39), reigns there vs. 21; 6:14; everything was subject to it Gal 3:22; people serve it Ro 6:6; are its slaves vss. 17, 20; are sold into its service 7:14 or set free from it 6:22; it has its law 7:23; 8:2; it revives (ἀνέζησεν) Ro 7:9 or is dead vs. 8; it pays its wages, viz., death 6:23, cp. 5:12 (see lit. s.v. ἐπί 6c). As a pers. principle it dwells in humans Ro 7:17, 20, viz., in the flesh (s. σάρξ 2cα) 8:3; cp. vs. 2; 7:25. The earthly body is hence a σῶμα τῆς ἁ. 6:6 (Col 2:11 v.l.).—As abstr. for concr. τὸν μὴ γνόντα ἁ. ὑπέρ ἡμῶν ἁμαρτίαν ἐποίησεν (God) made him, who never sinned, to be sin (i.e. the guilty one) for our sakes 2 Cor 5:21.

ⓑ In Hb (as in OT) sin appears as the power that deceives humanity and leads it to destruction, whose influence and activity can be ended only by sacrifices (s. 1a end): ἀπάτη τῆς ἁ. Hb 3:13.—On the whole word s. ἁμαρτάνω, end. GMoore, Judaism I 445–52; ABüchler, Studies in Sin and Atonement in the Rabb. Lit. of the I Cent. 1928; WKnuth, D. Begriff der Sünde b. Philon v. Alex., diss. Jena ’34; EThomas, The Problem of Sin in the NT 1927; Dodd 76–81; DDaube, Sin, Ignorance and Forgiveness in the Bible, ’61; AGelin and ADescamps, Sin in the Bible, ’65.—On the special question ‘The Christian and Sin’ see PWernle 1897; HWindisch 1908; EHedström 1911; RBultmann, ZNW 23, 1924, 123–40; Windisch, ibid. 265–81; RSchulz, D. Frage nach der Selbsttätigkt. d. Menschen im sittl. Leben b. Pls., diss. Hdlb. ’40.—JAddison, ATR 33, ’51, 137–48; KKuhn, πειρασμός ἁμαρτία σάρξ im NT: ZTK 49, ’52, 200–222; JBremer, Hamartia ’69 (Gk. views).—B. 1182. EDNT. DELG s.v. ἁμαρτάνω. M-M. TW.

ὑπόμνησις, εως, ἡ (ὑπομιμνῄσκω; Eur., Thu. et al.; ins, pap, LXX)

① the act of calling to someone’s mind, reminding (Thu., Pla., pap) Hv 3, 8, 9. ἐν ὑπ. by a reminder, i.e. as I remind you 2 Pt 1:13; 3:1.

② the act of remembering, remembrance (X., Cyr. 3, 3, 38 ὑπόμνησίν τινος ἔχειν; Philo, Poster. Cai. 153; Jos., Ant. 4, 58) ὑπόμνησιν λαμβάνειν τινός receive a remembrance of = remember someth. 2 Ti 1:5.—DELG s.v. μιμνήσκω. M-M. TW.